Explain what is the cold junction compensation of thermocouples

We all know that when a third metal material is connected to the thermocouple loop, as long as the temperature of the two contacts of the material is the same, the thermoelectric potential generated by the thermocouple will remain unchanged, that is, not affected by the third metal Metal access loop. Influence. Therefore, when the thermocouple measures the temperature, the measuring instrument can be connected, and after measuring the thermoelectromotive force, the temperature of the measured medium can be known. When the thermocouple measures temperature, the temperature of the cold end (the measuring end is the hot end, and the end connected to the measuring circuit through the wire is called the cold end) remains constant, and the thermoelectric potential is the same as the measured temperature. If the temperature of the cold end (ambient) changes during the measurement, it will seriously affect the accuracy of the measurement. Some measures are taken at the cold junction to compensate for the effect of temperature changes at the cold junction, which is called cold junction compensation of thermocouples. A dedicated compensation line for connecting to measuring instruments, K-type thermocouples are currently the most widely used metal thermocouples in temperature measurement areas above 500°C, and their number is the sum of other metal thermocouples. Today, we will see how to divide it into positive and negative. First let us understand what is accumulation and elimination. The nominal chemical composition of positive (KP) is: Ni:Cr≈90:10, and the chemical composition of negative (KN) is: Ni:Si≈97. K-type thermocouple has good linearity and large thermoelectromotive force, It can therefore be used in oxidizing and inert atmospheres.

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