Water also has the nature of heat bilges cold shrink, why not use water to do the thermometer?

Common several kinds of glass liquid thermometer is used the principle of heat bilges cold shrink water thermometer, kerosene thermometer. Water also has the nature of heat bilges cold shrink, why not use water to do the thermometer? Due to the melting point and boiling point in the standard state of the melting point of water ( Freezing point) Is 0 ℃, the boiling point of water is 100 ℃. And the melting point of mercury ( Freezing point) 5 ℃, boiling point is 357 ℃; The melting point of alcohol ( Freezing point) Is - 114 ℃, boiling point is 78 ℃; Good paraffin melting point ( Freezing point) Is - 30 ℃, boiling point is 325 ℃. If use thermometer to measure the temperature of water, winter under 0 ℃, hardened into ice water, you can't measure; Although due to the tube increases with the increase of water vapor pressure the boiling point of water, but which the volume expansion of water and steam pressure increase the proportion of the relationship is complex, not a proportional relationship, so can't use the measuring temperature above 100 ℃. The temperature between 5 ℃ to 357 ℃; Alcohol while the boiling point is not high, but its melting point ( Freezing point) Is - 114 ℃, that is above 114 ℃ below zero wouldn't freeze; Use kerosene can measure between - 30 ℃ -- 325 ℃ temperature. 1 & times; 8 & times; 身手℃,尤其1. 1报; 三分℃、1. 0报; 10－3℃。 The same volume of liquid were elevated 1 ℃, alcohol and the expansion of the kerosene water volume is about five times, so in terms of using the volume change of the scale, the scale of water from small, alcohol and the large scale distance of kerosene, the temperature of the same distance, not only bring convenience for measurement and reading, and can measure temperature changes smaller values. 2 & times; 103 j / kg· 14 & times; 103 j / kg· ℃,2. 4报; 103 j / kg· ℃,2. 1报; 103 j / kg· ℃. The heat capacity of the water is 30 times the mercury, if the quality of the same water and mercury, the same amount of heat is absorbed, mercury rise in temperature is 30 times that of water. Visible with water thermometer effects on the temperature of the object to be tested is big, long reach thermal equilibrium; Mercury thermometer and small effects on the temperature of the object to be tested, reach thermal equilibrium time is short. Especially the measurement of small objects, if the thermometer have an effect on it, the temperature of the measured value is not accurate. Because of the reason of the abnormal water have inflation in more than 4 ℃, water is same as the general material heat bilges cold shrink, but between 0 ℃ and 4 ℃ heat bilges cold shrink, and this period of heat bilges cold shrink coefficient with different heat bilges cold shrink. This is a kind of special properties of water, if the thermometer is filled with water, not only can't scale scale between 0 ℃ to 4 ℃, at about 4 ℃ with the thermometer temperature, unable to determine the readings. From the above analysis we can see that the thermometer can't hold water, reason is various, mainly based on the physical properties of liquid and selected. Moreover the measurement range of different liquid thermometer and use the parent each are not identical, such as alcohol thermometer cannot be used for high temperature measurement, a thermometer is the mercury thermometer with and so on.